Abstract:

Human Digital Twins (HDTs) are emerging as key components in personalized healthcare, requiring more sophisticated communication skills than conventional digital twins. The essential need for fast and reliable synchronization highlights the significance of Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) in the 5G wireless standard, designed for machine and time-sensitive applications. This short survey seeks to systematically outline the key communication demands of HDT applications across clinical settings, examine the architectural and technological solutions offered by advanced 5G and 6G to address stringent URLLC needs, and identify the main challenges, opportunities, and future research directions from this vital convergence. Future 6G URLLC advancements, leveraging Terahertz (THz) communication, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS), and Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC), aim to build strong, self-governing Digital Twin Networks (DTNs). These are crucial for creating secure, verified, and ethically managed HDTs, influencing the future of personalized healthcare.