Abstract:

This paper investigates a hybrid approach to improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems by combining an offline Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique with nanofluid-based cooling. Solar panels are subject to efficiency losses due to both suboptimal power point tracking and increased operating temperatures under high irradiance. While traditional MPPT methods such as Perturb and Observe or Incremental Conductance are widely used, they often require continuous tracking and may struggle with rapid environmental changes, leading to efficiency losses.The proposed offline MPPT technique relies on pre-recorded data to optimize power point tracking without continuous real-time adjustment, reducing system complexity and computational demand. To further enhance performance, nanofluid cooling—utilizing fluids enhanced with nanoparticles—maintains the panel temperature within an optimal range, preventing thermal degradation and increasing energy output.Through simulation and experimental analysis, this dual approach demonstrates notable improvements in both power extraction and thermal management. The results highlight the potential of combining offline MPPT with nanofluid cooling to provide a cost-effective, efficient solution for maximizing solar PV system performance, especially in regions with stable climatic conditions. This research contributes to the development of sustainable and advanced techniques for enhancing renewable energy generation