Abstract:

This study analyzes the circular and square array antennas for 2.5 GHz. It highlights the consequences of the antenna design parameters on return loss with respect to transmission and reception efficiency. Circular antennas promise better performance due to their omnidirectional radiation pattern, while square array antennas are used due to their geometric configuration. Current methodologies for performance analysis of antennas have a discrepancy in the form and combination of antennas due to the lack of systematic approaches for comparison. Classical approaches or simplified numerical simulations may fail to account for complicated interactions of electromagnetics and geometry on the antenna's performance. These issues are approached through Comparative Electromagnetic Simulation Analysis based on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The problem of dividing the work into parts allows better simulation of electromagnetic fields and antenna behavior. This enables the simulation of sophisticated circular and square array topologies and their interactions with electromagnetic waves. This framework uses FEM for better results on the return loss of the two types of antennas, along with the differences in performance. Subjecting both geometries to the same conditions guarantees unbiased comparison. The scenario confirmed that circular antennas outperform square array antennas in return loss at 2.5 GHz. For these systems, this data improves the design of the communication system's antennas, which rely on minimal return loss and consistent signal reception due to the need for better system efficiencies.